Contrasting half-centuries from Rishabh Pant and Cheteshwar Pujara led the recovery after India lost four early wickets in reply to England's first-innings total of 578, but they remain in danger of having to follow on as they attempt to save the first Test at Chepauk.
Jofra Archer had removed both openers in a skilful new-ball burst, before Dom Bess struck to dismiss Virat Kohli and Ajinkya Rahane to leave India 73 for 4 before drinks on the third afternoon and still more than 500 runs in arrears.
Pant launched a breathless counter-attack, hitting nine fours and five sixes as he dominated Jack Leach either side of tea, while Pujara worked the ball around in a more restrained innings. But both men fell to Bess in the evening session, leaving India 321 runs behind at the close and needing a tail-end rearguard on the fourth morning to avoid batting again.