The death sentence awarded to eight former Indian Navy officers, after more than a year of detention, by a Qatar court has shocked India. An early resolution of this case would now prove to be a great diplomatic challenge for the mandarins in Raisina Hills. In the backdrop of the current geopolitical environment in the Middle East, the challenge would be felt even sharper as Qatar's ruling elite will not be able to focus attention on this issue. If the eight Indians are executed, it would not only cast a shadow on India’s fast evolving security relationship with Qatar but also question the relevance of indulging in similar defence cooperation relationships with the rest of the Arab world.